Not bad a'tall
Good idear. Is there any way to get over that hole? Definitely have a replay button... it would definitely be neat if you could get upgrades like flaming vomit or perhaps syrup of ipecac (or jaeger bombs, same thing) to increase your range, or maybe to refill the puke bar. Puking on enemies is great, but I'd love to see a more interesting, vomitus-related death animation. Perhaps you could have enemies yell, "Uggh," and "WTF, dude," or even, "My brand new shoes!"
I actually like the name as it is, but you could always call it "Ralph's Adventure," "Toss Your Cookies," or "Fuck'n Upchucking."
The back story -- you could have the guy accidentally swallow some household cleaner, and he takes some emetic before he reads the label: "If swallowed, do not induce vomiting. Call a poison control center as soon as possible." His quest is to get to the poison control center, covering moshers and other obstructing enemies with upchucked glory....